0000-0002-3549-0754Behaviour of Machine Learning algorithms in the classification of energy consumption in school buildings
Abstract The significance of energy efficiency in the development of smart cities cannot be overstated. It is essential to have a clear understanding of the current energy consumption (EC) patterns in both public and private buildings. One way to achieve this is by employing machine learning classification algorithms, which offer a broader perspective on the factors influencing EC. These algorithms can be applied to real data from databases, making them valuable tools for smart city applications. In this paper, our focus is specifically on the EC of public schools in a Portuguese city, as this plays a crucial role in designing a Smart City. By utilizing a comprehensive dataset on school EC, we thoroughly evaluate multiple ML algorithms. The objective is to identify the most effective algorithm for classifying average EC patterns. The outcomes of this study hold significant value for school administrators and facility managers. By leveraging the predictions generated from the selected algorithm, they can optimize energy usage and, consequently, reduce costs. The use of a comprehensive dataset ensures the reliability and accuracy of our evaluations of various ML algorithms for EC classification.
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Revolutionising the Quality of Life: The Role of Real-Time Sensing in Smart Cities
To further evolve urban quality of life, this paper explores the potential of crowdsensing and crowdsourcing in the context of smart cities. To aid urban planners and residents in understanding the nuances of day-to-day urban dynamics, we actively pursue the improvement of data visualisation tools that can adapt to changing conditions. An architecture was created and implemented that ensures secure and easy connectivity between various sources, such as a network of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, to merge with crowdsensing data and use them efficiently. In addition, we expanded the scope of our study to include the development of mobile and online applications, emphasizing the integration of autonomous and geo-surveillance. The main findings highlight the importance of sensor data in urban knowledge. Their incorporation via Tepresentational State Transfer (REST) Application Programming Interface (APIs) improves data access and informed decision-making, and dynamic data visualisation provides better insights. The geofencing of the application encourages community participation in urban planning and resource allocation, supporting sustainable urban innovation.
